Needs Assessment and Description
The genetic revolution is reshaping medicine, providing an unprecedented insight into the underlying biological basis of disease and creating novel diagnostics and treatments. In the case of reproductive medicine, recent years have seen rapid advances in technologies for the genetic screening of infertile patients, their gametes and embryos. The powerful methods now available have the potential to produce a paradigm shift in the treatment of infertility, leading towards personalized therapies, increased safety and enhanced success rates. Yet in order for the promised improvements to be realized, an understanding of the methods, their benefits and their limitations is needed. Keeping up with the rapidly evolving genetic landscape represents a significant challenge for those involved in reproductive medicine. This live session aims to provide an update on the current status of genetic analyses (most notably chromosome screening) applicable in the field of assisted reproduction. The evidence for efficacy, the limitations of the technologies, and questions that still remain to be answered will be discussed.

Learning Objectives
At the conclusion of this session, participants should be able to:

1. Discuss the latest evidence concerning the efficacy of preimplantation genetic screening (PGS) using comprehensive chromosome screening methods.
2. Describe the principal methods used for aneuploidy testing.

ACGME Competency
Medical Knowledge

TEST QUESTION:
Which of the following statements best describes the most likely outcome following transfer of a chromosomally abnormal embryo to the uterus during an in vitro fertilization cycle?

1. The cells of the embryo will correct the aneuploidy during preimplantation development, ultimately resulting in the birth of a chromosomally normal baby. 
2. The abnormal cells will be preferentially allocated to the trophectoderm, resulting in a euploid inner cell mass and, consequently, a normal fetus.
3. The abnormal embryo is most likely to fail to implant. If it does manage to implant, then miscarriage is the next most likely outcome. 
4. The aneuploid embryo will inevitably implant and produce a child with a chromosomal disorder such as Down syndrome.